What is the primary function of papillary muscles in the heart?

The primary function of papillary muscles in the heart is to support the heart valves during contraction. These muscles are attached to the chordae tendineae, which are tendinous cords that connect the papillary muscles to the atrioventricular (AV) valves (the mitral and tricuspid valves). When the ventricles contract, the papillary muscles also contract, which helps to pull on the chordae tendineae. This action prevents the AV valves from inverting or prolapsing into the atria, ensuring that blood flows in the correct direction through the heart and preventing backflow.

The role of supporting the valves is critical for maintaining proper heart function and effective blood circulation. If the papillary muscles are dysfunctional or if the chordae tendineae are damaged, it can lead to valve incompetence and subsequently cause various cardiovascular issues.

In contrast, other options like regulating heart rate, controlling blood flow, and pumping blood to lungs refer to different structures and mechanisms within the heart and the circulatory system. The pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node are responsible for regulating heart rate, while the blood flow is primarily managed by the heart chambers and valves working together. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs