What does the waist-to-hip ratio index measure?

The waist-to-hip ratio index is an important measure that helps assess fat distribution in the body, specifically the relative distribution of fat in the upper body compared to the lower body. This measurement is calculated by dividing the circumference of the waist by the circumference of the hips.

A higher waist-to-hip ratio typically indicates a greater proportion of body fat located around the waist compared to the hips, which can be associated with increased health risks, particularly cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Understanding where body fat is distributed is crucial, as fat stored in the abdominal area (visceral fat) is more strongly linked to health risks than fat stored in the hips and thighs (subcutaneous fat).

This measurement does not focus on overall fat mass, visceral versus subcutaneous fat specifically, or total body mass index, which considers the total weight relative to height but does not provide insight into fat distribution. Therefore, the waist-to-hip ratio effectively highlights differences in upper versus lower body fat distribution, making it a valuable tool for assessing potential health risks associated with body fat distribution patterns.